Biometrics is a general term for computer-controlled automated systems developed to identify the user’s physical and behavioral characteristics. It is possible to define a biometric system as biological measurement in its most general form. Accordingly, biometric systems are based on the measurement of biological data. Biometric systems are mostly used for security purposes.
Biometric information has very important features. It does not disappear, it cannot be used by others. Also, they cannot be imitated. Biometric devices determine the characteristics of people such as fingerprints, eye retina. Moreover, it authenticates users to access computer systems, databases and similar environments without using passwords.
With Biometry technology, it is possible to enter the computer using the fingerprint scanner. With the help of an eye scanner, money can be withdrawn from the ATM. Voice recognition can be given to banks with voice recognition. It is possible to enter the protected places with the help of a face recognition device. Today, many biometric recognition techniques are used in many places. These can be listed as Face Recognition, Fingerprint Recognition, Iris Recognition, Hand Geometry Recognition, Hand Vein Recognition, Voice Recognition, Handwriting and Signature Recognition. In addition, Retina Recognition, Ear Shape Recognition, DNA Recognition, Odor Recognition, Body Temperature (Thermogram) Recognition, Gait Recognition and Lip Movement Recognition techniques have also been used in biometric recognition applications.
Usage areas of biometrics; Corporate network security, Computer security, Security of access to safe deposit boxes, Point of sale POS user identification, Effective tracking of military resources, User security in check confirmation transactions, Patient follow-up in hospitals and insurance institutions, Registration tracking for public services, Identification in opening account, Building, security of access to facilities and offices and user identification in banking transactions. Systems with many parameters are much more secure. However, if the number of parameters increases, the processing time becomes longer. If the processing time is short, reliability will decrease. For example, the number of parameters to be considered for a fingerprint is up to 100. For iris, this number is much more (250 and above).
